The Potential Hazards Of The South China Sea - 1629 Words

As the tension and activities of competing countries increase in the South China Sea this in turn has increased potential implications for its environment. One major implication is the potential hazards that are threatening coral reefs and other components of the local marine ecology within that region. The once untouched ecosystem is at danger because of aggressive engagements of ocean floors in search of natural resources. Since 2013, China has orchestrated reclamation constructions on reefs in the disputed Spratly Islands with goals of transforming them into artificial islands where they have built airbases and ports . As a result, this has destroyed the environment that was originally there. In addition to China, Vietnam, Taiwan,†¦show more content†¦As result of the battle, China gained control over the Parcel Islands . After a period of peace, disputes once again transpired in 1988 and 1995. In 2002, China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) reached an agreement to keep peace within all parties tied in with the South China Sea as they were to refrain from taking any action on the uninhabited island chains located in the Sea. This Declaration of Conduct kept the region peaceful up until 2009 when China publicly claimed territory on the entire South China Sea . As the tension intensified so did China’s aggressive behavior, as they made it clear in 2012 and 2013 that legal proceedings against them were not going to make a difference on their goal to dominate the region. In 2013, China began the operations to transform these uninhabited islands into military infrastructures . In the last two years counting up to today, China’s rapid island building has continued despite publicly claiming that they have halted all construction. This is where the United States enters the situation as they have called on China to shut down all reclamation efforts on the Spratly Islands where China has transformed six coral reefs (Subi Reef, Gaven Reef, Huges Reef, Johnson Reef, Mischief Reef, Cuarteron Reef) into naval bases, airstrips, and weapon and surveillance facilities . What the

The Americans With Disabilities Act Essay - 964 Words

All Americans deserve the right to receive the best medical treatment available, that includes those with disabilities. So what is ADA? What makes it so essential? ADA may seem like just a couple letters from the alphabet, although to a person that has a disability it means a whole lot more. ADA stands for Americans with Disabilities Act. The Americans with Disabilities Act is extremely vital in the medical field. Not only is it the law to ensure that there is appropriate access to those with disabilities, on the other hand it is also medically necessary to treat all patients. The Americans with Disabilities Act was founded in 1990 and it is designed to protect against discrimination of those with disabilities,(Jacobs, R.B Lauber, R.H, 2011). â€Å"In the Americans with Disabilities Act, disability is defined as: (1) a physical or mental impairment that significantly limits one or more major life activities, (2) having a record of such impairment, or (3) being â€Å"regarded as† having an impairment,†(Bernstein,S.K,2014). It is exceptionally crucial that all business comply with all the rules and regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act, if failed to implement those rules there will be penalties to pay. The Americans with Disabilities Act, especially applies to health facilities, be that as it may it also applies to all businesses with 15 or more employees, (Lindh, W. 2014). The Americans with Disabilities Act protects patients or consumers with disabilities as well asShow MoreRelatedThe Disabilities Of The Americans With Disabilities Act1551 Words   |  7 Pageswith a disability (US Census Bureau, 2015). There are 6.4 million children between the ages of 3 to 21 that are receiving special education services (National Center for Education Statistics, 2014). In Georgia, 23.4% of the population are people under the age of 21 living with a disability (Erickson Schrader, 2014). Bulloch County has a population of 71,214 and of the entire population, 16% of them are living with a disability (Cornell, 2012). By the standards of the Americans with DisabilitiesRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act1277 Words   |  6 Pageshaving a disability was seen as a physical imperfection. People with disabilities were treated as moral and social subordinates. We were trained that if a person had a disability they were not able to perform a task with the same ability as a normal person. They have been denied jobs for which they are highly qualified because they have been considered incompetent, or because employers were not comfortable with their presence in the workplace. Occasionally people with certain disabilities have beenRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act931 Words   |  4 Pageslaw in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has been a challenge for employers to implement. This law prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in both public and public businesses. There were numerous lawsuits where disabled employees have charged that employers h ave failed to accommodate his or her needs in the workplace. However, Supreme Court decisions interpreted the act in a way that made it difficult to prove that an impairment was a disability thereby ruling inRead MoreThe American With Disabilities Act971 Words   |  4 Pages The American with Disabilities Act was signed into law on July 26, 1990, by President George H.W. Bush. (Mayerson, 1992). According to Hallahan, Kauffman, Pullen (2015, P, 14) â€Å"the ADA provides protection of the civil rights in the specific areas of employment, transportation, public, accommodation, State and local government, and telecommunication. According to Mayerson (1992, P1) â€Å"the ADA did not began at the signing ceremony at the White House, but it began in the communities, when parentsRead MoreAmericans with Disabilities Act779 Words   |  3 PagesAmericans With Disabilities Act Website 1 http://www.cato.org Sponsoring Agency: The CATO Institute Content and Website Layout: The CATO Institute has afforded the public with myriad resources, regarding disabilities, education, child policy, welfare, government and politics. This website is fraught with publications, informative videos and commentary. Summary of Contributions: In essence, the CATO Institute has invariably aided the public, including segments of the population who have sufferedRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act1577 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans with Disabilities Act I Introduction The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is federal legislation designed to prevent discrimination against disabled people. It applies to all disabled persons, no matter the nature of their disability. This paper examines the ADA and discusses some of the ramifications of the legislation. II Americans with Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act (hereafter ADA) was enacted in 1990, and its purpose is stated thusly: â€Å"The Americans withRead MoreThe On The American With Disability Act931 Words   |  4 PagesAs a supervisor according to my knowledge based on the American with Disability Act, I as supervisor would give Cheryl an oral warning. I will notify her that the ADA law states that she needs to do her job appropriately. I will check on her time and performance. If she did not perform a good job then I will give her a written warning. My first recommendation is that she should meet the EPA advisor and get some assistance from that program because that program may give her the lesson how to improveRead MoreAmericans with Disability Act926 Words   |  4 PagesAmericans with Disabilities Act was established to restrain illegal discrimination in employment against individuals qualified to be disabled. The purpose of the law was to generally end discrimination in the place of work and to deliver equal employment chances for individuals living with disabilities or have had histories of disabilities. The act defends employees that experience physical or mental deficiency that greatly limits a key life activity. In addition to that, it protects the rights ofRead MoreThe American With Disabilities Act998 Words   |  4 PagesDisability is a complex word to define. Several attempts have been made to provide simplistic definition of the word however, it just added to more confusion and misuse of what the word disability m eans. The American with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines disability as â€Å"a physical or mental impairment that limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual†. There are many different perspectives of what the term disability means from an administrative, clinical, or academic researchRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act1779 Words   |  8 PagesEverest. For many disabled Americans, Zack’s experience was an all too common daily occurrence until the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. Before the act was passed, disabled individuals struggled to get around and do everyday activities, such as going to church, going out to eat, and getting to class on time, which were simple for other Americans. When the Americans with Disabilities Act became a law in 1990, it enabled the disabled to take part in the American Dream. The ADA not only ensures

Environment Management for Sustainable Development Oil and Fas Compan

Question: Discuss about the Environment Management for Sustainable Development of Oil and Fas Companies. Answer: Background information The oil and gas companies in UN is facing a challenge related to climate change and global warming (Davis and Diffenbaugh, 2016, pp.016001). The operational activity like production and burning of fossil fuels is the key reason associated with climatic changes, which in turn is responsible for risk including floods, the rise in sea-level, and heat waves. The mentioned risks are more reflective especially in the areas where these companies are located for extraction, having stores, and are engaged in refining their products (Hiatt, Grandy and Lee, 2015, pp.1769). There is no doubt in the statement that if the current operational activities of oil and gas companies are continued, many of the nations across the globe will be sharing the prospect of severe economic effects that are resultant from climatic changes. In particular, the government organisation and corporates are likely to face consequences related to billion dollar infrastructure. In addition to this, the future situation ca n also create a disruption associated with the production and delivery of energy resources (Smith and Hayes, 2013). The issue of climate change and global warming is indeed a human-induced phenomenon that leads to rapid melting of glacier ice, variations in the ecosystem, and destruction and a decrease in the habitats of many species. The alarming issue was foreseen in late 1988 when the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created under the program of United Nations Environment and World Meteorological Organization, which focuses on the scientific assessment of the knowledge of global warming (Lofsted and Collier, 2014). Based on the report UN framework conventional on climatic change, it is important to seek change negotiation and action that can help in reducing the human-activity-induced impact on global warming (Lofsted and Collier, 2014). Scope of present report In conjunction with issues of global warming and climatic change, it is important for the oil and gas companies to seek diversion of the energy sources into renewable energy. The approach towards the sustainable development is thus of great importance that can contribute towards the minimization of these impacts on the environment (Hiatt, Grandy and Lee, 2015, pp.1769). The present report is thus based on an illustration of direct and indirect causes associated with the global warming thereby specifying the responsibilities of government, companies, communities, and individual itself. Note that this includes the debate over utilisation of renewable sources of energy like solar, wind, and hydraulic energy to product and supplies domestic and industrial consumable energies. Likewise, the economic and political issues are also critical importance in managing the overall implementation strategies. The problem of climatic change and global warming: Who is responsible? The high-level accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere act as a blanket that traps heat and is liable for the warming of the planet. The increased usage of oil and natural gas, burning of fossil fuels and cutting down forest contributes to this carbon accumulation that overloads the atmosphere (Lofsted and Collier, 2014). Scientific evidence dictates that increase in global average temperature for more than 3.6 degrees (oF) compared to the pre-industrial level is a serious risk to human health and natural ecosystem (Smith and Hayes, 2013). Over the last century, the global average temperature has increased by 1 degree (oF) that is responsible for comprehensive global temperature, recorded. This is further accompanied by a decrease in freezing days and increase in warm days (Smith and Hayes, 2013). While the record shows that some part of the world are warming faster than other, there exists an upward trend is unambiguous in the long-term global aspect. It is worth mentioning that the global warming has the potential to change rainfall and snow pattern, melting of glacial ice, disturbance in the ecosystem, severe storms, and increase in sea level (Smith and Hayes, 2013). Initiatives were taken by oil/gas companies and government/private organisations As an individual, we need to take action that can reduce the personal carbon emission, such as avoiding the use of chloro-fluoro carbons and aerosols (Heidari and Pearce, 2016, pp.899). On the other hand, to address the global threat, the demand action is requisite from political leaders to support the comprehensive climate solutions. In conjunction with the operational activities of oil and gas companies, it is necessary to implement a smart solution that is based on technological advances and available options in hand (Bulkeley and Betsill, 2013, pp.136). The prime objective of these smart solutions is to reduce the emission that contributes to heat-trapping into the atmosphere. These measures include Expanding the use of renewable energy and transforming the energy system that is cleaner. Avoiding dependence on coal and fossil fuels to reduce the carbon emission. An approach from coal to natural gas shift is worthy (Pfeiffer and Hepburn, 2016, pp.201). Building clean energy economy, which is possible with investment in energy efficient technologies and strategies (Bulkeley and Betsill, 2013, pp.136). Placing a lesser number of carbon emission units. Other approaches to government and private organisation that are necessary include: Placing a limit on carbon emission amount that the polluters are allowed to emit. Reducing the tropical deforestation (Pfeiffer and Hepburn, 2016, pp.201). Increasing the vehicle fuel efficiencies and other solution that can reduce the oil usage (Bulkeley and Betsill, 2013, pp.136). Advantage and disadvantage associated with shifting to renewable source of energy According to Paris 2015 UN climate change conference, countries have submitted their plans to control the greenhouse gas emission that emphasis on the steps that can be implemented by oil and gas companies (Lybk, Hansen and Andersen, 2016, pp.65). The responsibilities of these companies are thus aligned with two prime objectives (Thornton, 2014, pp.3313): Reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and oils and making a shift towards renewable energy Complementing the energy requirement across the globe with minimal impact on climatic risk. The key challenges that are associated with these requirements include: A change in the infrastructure that uses renewable energy supply such as solar system, wind energy, and electricity generated from hydraulic units. Change in the work procedure such that technological support can support the change of energy sources (Ellabban, Abu-Rub and Blaabjerg, 2014, pp.748). Making a shift from coal to natural gas that can reduce approximately half of carbon dioxide and absolutely zero level methane gas release (Stigka, Paravantis, and Mihalakakou, 2014, pp.100). Implementing strong commercial influence with the introduction of global carbon pricing policy. Companies like BG group, Royal Dutch Shell, Eni, Statoil, and BP have already implemented internal carbon price of $50/tonne that in turn had reduced half of the emission (Ellabban, Abu-Rub and Blaabjerg, 2014, pp.748). Carbon capture and storage system is another approach that motivates the carbon price as well as offer sustainable clean energy portfolio to the companies. The major challenge in the mentioned approach includes cost consideration and implementation of change in the work procedure (Hiatt, Grandy and Lee, 2015, pp.1769). It is important for the companies to make collaboration and combined decision for the industrial practices that in turn must be based on economic consideration and life cycle of fuel (O'Driscoll and O'Donnell, 2013, pp.53). Common example of these measures can be accounted based on below mentioned points (Chaubey, Sahu, James and Maity, 2013, pp.443): Shell Company have supported the infrastructure change to control carbon dioxide release with making the sustainable approach in four key areas. These include biofuels, carbon capture and storage, use of natural gas, energy efficiency. ExxonMobil Company has reduced their operational procedure that in turn reduces 40% of carbon emission. The clean fuel project enables a reduction in 98% of sulphur level within the diesel and gasoline supply. British Petroleum supports the clean and efficient policies of lower carbon limit implemented by EU. The operational procedure includes a change in flaring and venting provision that contribute to reduces carbon emission. Likewise, the carbon cost of their investment appraisal is also a practical The advantage of implementing these change is evident in terms of reducing the carbon emission and contribution towards the greenhouse gas accumulation in the environment. The change in the climatic condition has a significant impact on the industrial procedure and requirement. Thus a change in the working process and a shift in the use of energy sources falls within the scope of Environmental Protection Agency - cleaner power policy (Suberu, Mustafa and Bashir, 2014, pp.499). The mentioned changes and other futuristic steps are necessary to be taken by the oil and gas companies, as because they have wealth as well as experience to tackle such problem on large engineering. Can the sustainable approach of oil and gas companies have the potential to bring shift in money? Reducing the use of oil and other relevant change in the operational activity can cause the high cost to the consumers. The common policies such as carbon tax and emission control related carbon price have the potential of increasing the fuel/oil cost. The possible solution is to monitor the cost and regulates the price of fuel production by the government (Aghaei and Alizadeh, 2013, pp.64). Likewise, the government policies also need to have effort in promoting the technological development such that combination of fuel and buying efficient vehicles can be implemented. This means a regulation is necessary to maintain the revenue flow balance between the fuel industry, oil companies, and vehicle industry (Suberu, Mustafa and Bashir, 2014, pp.499). Similarly, a paradox for the government policies also exists that drive substantial revenues from fuel taxes. If the consumption of fuel falls, the revenues will also fall which can impact the overall nations GDP. The solution to this problem is that oil and gas companies can adopt suitable means to produce the energy based on renewable sources and that can be supplied by the community and industrial use (Aghaei and Alizadeh, 2013, pp.64). Of note, this shift can account for huge investment, which needs to be implemented in near future. Additionally, the government and private sector organisation also need to identify other significant changes that can reduce the carbon footprint. This is important because only focusing on the operational activity of oil and gas companies can cause pressure in terms of conduct for these companies as well as in terms of financial (revenue) management. Another sector like transport and municipal solid waste nearly contribute to 22 and 25 percent of greenhouse emission. Additionally, they also contribute to 40 and 19 percent of the black carbon (soot) contribution that adds to the global warming (Dale, Osegowitsch and Collinson, 2014, pp.487). Thus, in developing economies, it is important to share the responsibility of reducing environmental impact to all sector such that the pathway of sustainability can be smoother for oil and gas companies. Implications for the oil and gas industry downstream The expectation of implementation measures is remarked with the assumption that oil prices can reach to newer competitive level. The incentive that is being offered to the oil and gas companies is based on the knowledge available for framing government policies, contributed to public perception and is based on information from interest groups (Mitchell and Mitchell, 2014, pp.36). In particular, for the oil and gas companies the volume matter, which is linked with that downstream. The volume in this consideration is related to use of vehicles and other industrial practices that render an increased demand for the energy sources. According to combined summit (Howarth, 2015, pp.46) by US, EU, and Japan, the future estimated demand for the fuel requirement based on petroleum as fuel, will not be reliable until a sustainable solution for the climatic conditions are determined. The idea of adjustment to lower the oil consumption by 2020 is a significant step forward that can reduce the pressure of climatic sustainability on the oil and gas companies. Thus, these companies must focus to maintain the refineries, distribution, and other retail structures that can supplement the needs of small industries (static and slowly growing market) (Howarth, 2015, pp.46). On the other hand, public and private sector organisation must make robust technological solutions implement disruptive technology, for an industrial solution and automotive demand of world population. It is important to mention that the cost of keeping going is not a negligible factor. The reason is associated with the continual requirement of revenue investment that is attributed to the changes of mix production and newer environmental standards. Potential recommendation in this downstream for the UN include the following consideration: Concentrating core of oil refinery plant, managing networking, and using technology are important, but companies need to secure segmentation of market in terms of chemical sites, the advantage of handing crude material and investing in other sources of energy to gain profit revenue (Jenner and Lamadrid, 2013, pp.442). Closing refineries and selling to smaller industries can show a profit to acquisition cost and biofuels, and waste management is also an effective alternative. On the other hand in many geographical locations, these options may not be possible such as in Europe. Hence, implementing a pattern of change in the trades of products will be effective (Dale, Osegowitsch and Collinson, 2014, pp.487). It is also important to govern the policies related to retail and supply chain involving supermarkets, such that practice for environmental sustainability can be managed. Hence, carbon price and fuel selling price for all oil and gas companies across the globe can be managed (Seelke, 2015, pp.199). De-integration of the companies is another useful The demerged downstream in terms of volume demand and consumption of fuel across the world needs to be regularised with the implementation of disruptive automobile technologies. The strategic management in conjunction with increased technological demand of consumers, growing demand for energy sources by increasing population, and increased pressure for a sustainable approach towards a climatic solution is thus required (Dale, Osegowitsch and Collinson, 2014, pp.487). Reflective Log The present coursework was based on analysis of environmental issue related to global warming and climatic changes. The prime reason associated with this subject is the human-based activity such as emission of carbon, emission of gases like carbon dioxide and methane, and deforestation. As a result of these events, the consequences lead to increase in the overall temperature of the planet, which is referred to as greenhouse effect (Heidari and Pearce, 2016, pp.899). Based on the reading and learning, it is also learned that increase in global average temperature for more than 3.6 degrees (oF) compared to the pre-industrial level is a serious risk to human health and natural ecosystem. Importantly, the average increase in temperature over last decade has been accounted for 1 degree (oF) that is responsible for melting of glacial ice and rise in the sea level (Smith and Hayes, 2013). The research process for the completion of this reflective log includes searching and acquisition of knowledge for the said topic from peer reviewed sources. This involves the use of specific keywords such as oil and gas companies effort towards sustainability, approach to reducing global warming, sustainability for negotiating climatic change, government and private sector approach to climate change management. The next method of filtering the retrieved literature was based on year of publication, which renders a selection of literature from last 5 years of publication (Booth, Sutton and Papaioannou, 2016). In addition to this, information has also been collected from blogs and other internet sources, which was first compared with information present in literature and finally included within the report. This approach is effective as it helps in collecting information that includes rationale behind the approach, historical notes, and future planning from the related summit by collabo ration with international agencies (Booth, Sutton and Papaioannou, 2016). Likewise, it is also learned that the sustainability approach of oil and gas companies needs to be implemented in conjunction with activities of other sectors such as an automobile, disruptive technology, and minimization of deforestation. The effort of today is necessary, so as to manage the resource and climatic condition for a future time. The importance of above-mentioned research approach is reflective of fact that updated approach has been collected regarding environmental sustainability. Additionally, the implementation and strategic planning that has been undertaken by various companies like BP, Royal Dutch Shell, and Eni can also be accounted. The module writing requires extensive analysis in conjunction with sustainability approach, profit-loss analysis, and economic shift that is probable to effect with managing change in infrastructure and work procedure (Suberu, Mustafa and Bashir, 2014, pp.499). Likewise, the module also demands justification associated with all the recommendation sets for the environmental sustainability approach to UN, which must be added with references. The information related to this recommendation and their associated rationale was thus collected using peer reviewed sources. The challenge related to this research work is linked with a collection of information that can dictate the fina ncial management of companies with the arrangement of shift to infrastructure and work procedure (Heidari and Pearce, 2016, pp.899). It is still unclear, how the price and profitability negotiation can be managed by oil and gas companies when they will adopt a change in the source of energy to renewable form. Since this strategic analysis were kept confidential by many companies, thus they were not published in literature sources. References: Booth, A., Sutton, A. and Papaioannou, D., 2016. Systematic approaches to a successful literature review. Sage. Heidari, N. and Pearce, J.M., 2016. A review of greenhouse gas emission liabilities as the value of renewable energy for mitigating lawsuits for climate change related damages. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, pp.899-908. Suberu, M.Y., Mustafa, M.W. and Bashir, N., 2014. Energy storage systems for renewable energy power sector integration and mitigation of intermittency. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 35, pp.499-514. Smith, K.R. and Hayes, P., 2013. The Global Greenhouse Regime: Who Pays?. Routledge. Aghaei, J. and Alizadeh, M.I., 2013. Demand response in smart electricity grids equipped with renewable energy sources: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 18, pp.64-72. Bulkeley, H. and Betsill, M.M., 2013. Revisiting the urban politics of climate change. Environmental Politics, 22(1), pp.136-154. Chaubey, R., Sahu, S., James, O.O. and Maity, S., 2013. A review on development of industrial processes and emerging techniques for production of hydrogen from renewable and sustainable sources. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 23, pp.443-462. Dale, C., Osegowitsch, T. and Collinson, S., 2014. Disintegration and de-internationalization: changing vertical and international scope and the case of the oil and gas industry. Advances in International Management, 27(1), pp.487-516. Davis, S.J. and Diffenbaugh, N., 2016. Dislocated interests and climate change. Environmental Research Letters, 11(6), p.061001. Ellabban, O., Abu-Rub, H. and Blaabjerg, F., 2014. Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39, pp.748-764. Heidari, N. and Pearce, J.M., 2016. A review of greenhouse gas emission liabilities as the value of renewable energy for mitigating lawsuits for climate change related damages. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, pp.899-908. Hiatt, S.R., Grandy, J.B. and Lee, B.H., 2015. Organizational responses to public and private politics: An analysis of climate change activists and US oil and gas firms. Organization Science, 26(6), pp.1769-1786. Howarth, R.W., 2015. Methane emissions and climatic warming risk from hydraulic fracturing and shale gas development: implications for policy. Energy and Emissions Control Technologies, 46. Jenner, S. and Lamadrid, A.J., 2013. Shale gas vs. coal: Policy implications from environmental impact comparisons of shale gas, conventional gas, and coal on air, water, and land in the United States. Energy Policy, 53, pp.442-453. Lofsted, R.E. and Collier, U., 2014. Cases in climate change policy: political reality in the European Union. Routledge. Lybk, R., Hansen, O.E. and Andersen, J., 2016. The Development of Non-fossil Energy Systems in the Absence of Strong Climate Change Global Governance. Rethinking Climate Change Research: Clean Technology, Culture and Communication, p.65. Mitchell, J.V. and Mitchell, B., 2014. Structural crisis in the oil and gas industry. Energy Policy, 64, pp.36-42. O'Driscoll, E. and O'Donnell, G.E., 2013. Industrial power and energy meteringa state-of-the-art review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 41, pp.53-64. Pfeiffer, A. and Hepburn, C., 2016. Facing the Challenge of Climate Change. Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, 8(2), pp.201-215. Seelke, C.R., Villarreal, M.A., Ratner, M. and Brown, P., 2015. Mexico's Oil and Gas Sector: Background, Reform Efforts, and Implications for the United States. Current Politics and Economics of the United States, Canada and Mexico, 17(1), p.199. Smith, K.R. and Hayes, P., 2013. The Global Greenhouse Regime: Who Pays?. Routledge. Stigka, E.K., Paravantis, J.A. and Mihalakakou, G.K., 2014. Social acceptance of renewable energy sources: A review of contingent valuation applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 32, pp.100-106. Suberu, M.Y., Mustafa, M.W. and Bashir, N., 2014. Energy storage systems for renewable energy power sector integration and mitigation of intermittency. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 35, pp.499-514. Thornton, P.K., Ericksen, P.J., Herrero, M. and Challinor, A.J., 2014. Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review. Global change biology, 20(11), pp.3313-3328.

The World Of Christianity Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The World Of Christianity Essay, Research Paper The World of Christianity Christianity was founded by Jesus of Nazareth about 4 BCE. Jesus was said to have been born in Bethlehem, during Herod # 8217 ; s reign. So they started the Christian calendar shortly after and started with twelvemonth 1. The nazarene and his 12 apostles traveled from topographic point to put instruction and healing. When the Sanhedrin heard of Jesus # 8217 ; s instructions about he, being the Jesus, # 8220 ; The Son of God, # 8221 ; he condemned Jesus to decease. Pontius Pilate overseen the executing. Jesus was crucified shortly after on a cross where he died. Christian religion is found about everyplace in the universe today. It accounts for about tierce of the universe # 8217 ; s population. Christianity originated in the country around ancient Palestine and spread from at that place. By 300 CE the faith had spread throughout the Mediterranean Sea, making to all seashores. The more dumbly populated countries being Carthage, Ephesus, and Constantinople. We will write a custom essay sample on The World Of Christianity Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some think it had spread so good because it was so easy to encompass. There were non any myths, merely a existent individual with great moralss. Christianity broke into several different faiths and denominations. It started all with Christianity and in 1066 AD it split, dividing into the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches. After that the Eastern Orthodox branched into Protestantism and that had 3 distinguishable subdivisions: evangelical, Reformed churches, and episcopate. The Roman Catholic besides had a clip of reform and it branched out every bit good. Today there are tonss of faiths that had branche d off of Christianity. The basic beliefs of the Christians have been practiced for centuries. Possibly the greatest belief, The Bible, and the 27 books that make up the New Testament. They believe in godly creative activity, and an increased accent on God the male parent. God is the foundation of the Christian faith. Besides the beliefs that all work forces are created equal, and belief in the Bible. They believe in first God, so Jesus, and so the Holy Spirit. This is called Arianism, or the Three. The belief that God had created heaven and Earth and Christ, his boy, in the power of the holy spirit. Jesus had died so all worlds could travel to heaven, ageless life. They believe in baptism, as a manner to accept God as the one true God. There are tonss and tonss of beliefs, each denomination views them in a different manner. Christian religion was built with the Pope chosen to take. It began with Jesus and the 12 apostles. The first Christians were Jews, and so they were converted to the religion. Peter founded churches and was the caput of the church in Rome. The bishop of Rome is the Pope. The Holy Father chooses cardinals, and these are his helpers. They make up the College of Cardinals. The cardinals elect the new Pope when the place is empty. In 1869, Pope Pius IX assembled the Vatican council. Still the place of the Pope and council yet today. The bishop is the most of import leader in a big church, he is the supervisor. The deacons are the most of import in the local churches. Priests give the ceremonials and conveyed the message of Jesus to the populace.